The process of colonization was made possible by planning, architecture, design, cartography, and lawfare.

Stealing of Indigenous land; displacement; establishment of the private property system; reorganization of territories; modernization; industrialization; exploitation of the land and urbanization.

Western educational institutions transitioned from religious entities into apparatuses of the nation-state, serving as central mechanisms for governance, social control, economic standardization, and cultural assimilation.

residential schools, indigenous methodologies, eurocentric curricula, linguistic hegemony, military-industrial complex, western science, traditional knowledge.